| 旋转叶片叶尖定时测量技术研究综述 |
| A review of blade tip timing measurement technologies of rotating blades |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 叶片振动参数是影响航空发动机、燃气轮机等重大旋转装备工作效率和运行安全的关键，基于叶尖定时的叶片振动测量方法已成为监测旋转叶片健康状态的标配技术。介绍了叶尖定时（Blade Tip Timing， BTT）测量原理，阐述了系统典型结构及常用测量流程，归纳了叶尖定时测量的4大关键技术，包括叶片到达时刻高精度提取、高信噪比的叶片振动位移测量、极度欠采样的叶片振动参数辨识、基于小样本叶尖定时信号的叶片故障诊断，详细分析了叶尖定时测量方法在叶尖定时传感技术、振动参数辨识技术、叶片故障诊断技术方面取得的重大进展，提出了叶尖定时技术的发展趋势与展望，从传感信号复用、不确定度分析与校准、系统的机载应用、数字孪生及智能运维4个方面总结了叶片振动非接触测量领域的未来重点研究方向，有望为叶尖定时测量技术的科学发展与工程应用提供重要参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Blade vibration parameters are crucial for influencing the operational efficiency and safety of major rotating equipment such as aero?engines and gas turbines. The blade vibration measurement method based on blade tip timing has become a standard technology for monitoring the health status of rotating blades. This article introduces the principle of blade tip timing measurement, describes the typical structure of the system and common measurement processes, and summarizes four key technologies of blade tip timing measurement, including high?precision extraction of blade arrival time, high signal?to?noise ratio blade vibration displacement measurement, extremely under?sampled blade vibration parameter identification, and blade fault diagnosis based on small?sample tip timing signals. It analyzes in detail the significant progress made in blade tip timing measurement methods in terms of blade tip timing sensing technology, vibration parameter identification technology, and blade fault diagnosis technology. It proposes the development trend and prospects of blade tip timing technology, and summarizes the future key research directions in the field of non?contact blade vibration measurement from four aspects: sensing signal multiplexing, uncertainty analysis and calibration, on?board application of systems, digital twin and intelligent operation and maintenance. It is expected to provide important references for the scientific development and engineering application of blade tip timing measurement technology. |
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| 中文关键词: 旋转叶片 叶尖定时 叶片振动 传感器 故障诊断 |
| 英文关键词:rotating blades blade tip timing blade vibration sensors fault diagnosis |
| 基金项目: |
| DOI：10.11823/j.issn.1674-5795.2025.01.03 |
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