This paper introduces the principles of contact ultrasonic guided wave temperature measurement technology, ultrasonic internal temperature gradient temperature measurement technology, and cross?beam ultrasonic temperature measurement technology. It describes the research status of ultrasonic temperature measurement technology, and the application cases and test results of ultrasonic temperature measurement technology in engine combustion chamber temperature measurement. This review analyzes the technical characteristics and potential problems of various ultrasonic temperature measurement techniques. It is pointed out that the study of high temperature oxidation resistant waveguide materials is the top priority in the development of ultrasonic guided wave temperature measurement technology. It is proposed that the temperature measurement range can be extended and the temperature measurement accuracy can be improved by developing new materials, new processes and new equipment, and constantly iterating the feature signal recognition algorithm model. This provides reference for further development of acoustic temperature measurement technology.