This paper introduces the measuring device and method for stability testing of accelerometers, and studies and establishes the temperature error model of accelerometers by analyzing the effects of environment factors, including operating temperature of the accelerometer and foundation horizontal inclination, on stability test of accelerometers. In the stability test, the high precision platinum thermal resistance is used to measure the operating temperature, and the earthquake precursory inclinometer is used to monitor foundation horizontal inclination. The measured operating temperature compensates for the coefficients of the model equation and outputs of the accelerometer. The measured foundation horizontal inclination compensates the zero output of the accelerometer.