To address the challenges long prevalent in aircraft development strength testing—such as sequential execution, information silos, inefficient collaboration, and delayed validation—this paper proposes a digital parallel collaboration architecture oriented toward the entire lifecycle structural strength test of aircraft, reengineering the organizational models, process systems, and technical methodologies of strength testing. Centered on the core principles of "digital model-driven testing, end-to-end process integration, parallelized operations, interconnected design, and closed-loop optimization,". It introduces a "Three-Dimensional Coordinate System Architecture" (Aircraft Development Lifecycle x All Test Elements x Digital Approaches), enabling three-dimensional integration of development phases, test activities, and digital capabilities. By defining eight development stages, five core test activities, and six digital methodologies, a "1+5" procedural document system is established, complemented by maturity management, product data management, and a collaborative platform. An engineering case study validates the practicability of the parallel-collaborative architecture. The architecture developed in this study can be extended to other types of strength tests, providing a replicable engineering model for the digital parallel collaboration of aerospace structural testing across the full life cycle.