A system review is conducted on the research progress of total temperature measurement and calibration technology for gas flow, the mechanism of measurement error in total temperature of gas flow is analyzed, focusing on challenges in total temperature measurement and calibration technology on engine and other scenarios, the latest research progress on high-precision, high-temperature, high-frequency gas flow total temperature measurement, and steady-state and dynamic calibration methods for temperature sensors based on calibration wind tunnels is summarized, the development trend of total temperature measurement and calibration of gas flow under multi field coupling and extreme working conditions is explored, which can provide reference and way of thinking for improving the accuracy of total temperature measurement in complex and extreme environments and supporting the high-quality development of aerospace and power systems.