Conventional digital measurement methods suffer from low efficiency in measurement field construction and poor coordination among multiple devices, which cannot satisfy the high-precision and batch measurement and assembly requirements for large complex structures of new-generation aircraft. To address the above limitations, this paper investigates the multi-system collaborative precision measurement technology, establishes an uncertainty analytical model for large-scale measurement fields, and proposes an adaptive planning method. A multi-mode datum conversion standard artifact was developed to improve the construction accuracy of collaborative measurement fields. Meanwhile, a measurement planning technology based on lightweight models and task-device collaboration was put forward to realize the automatic sequence generation and simulation optimization for multi-station and multi-task measurement. On this basis, a multi-system collaborative precision measurement platform for the assembly of large complex structures was developed, which integrates multi-device control, measurement planning, and data management and analysis, achieving closed-loop control of the assembly measurement process covering "model-planning-measurement-analysis". Comparative experiments were conducted to verify the platform performance. The test results demonstrate that the proposed platform remarkably improves the measurement accuracy and efficiency, providing strong technical support for advancing the precise measurement and assembly technology of large complex structures in the aviation industry.