In order to improve the performance of the laser vibrometer LV-400 (Laser Vibrometer, LV) and solve the problem of laser vibrometer being difficult to adapt to harsh operating environments, general quality characteristics were applied to the development of laser vibrometer LV-400. By screening and sorting out the general quality characteristic standards, the core clauses of six characteristics were used to complete reliability identification, temperature, humidity, random vibration, function impact and other tests, and targeted instrument design improvements were made. By adopting a series of corrective measures such as mechanical structure improvement, sealing, gluing, and applying three proof paint, the impact of high temperature, high humidity, and vibration environments on the performance of optical instruments has been effectively overcame. By applying professional knowledge related to the six characteristics, the environmental adaptability of optical devices has been improved, and the range of use of the laser vibrometer LV-400 has been expanded. This type of laser vibrometer can still maintain stable performance in relatively harsh operating environments. The organic combination of general quality characteristics with the development task of laser vibrometer LV-400 has improved the quality and development efficiency of laser vibrator, reduced the burden on researchers, and has important reference significance.