Bionics research has found that a variety of organisms can perceive polarized light in the environment, which could assist individuals to achieve behaviors such as foraging, migration and environmental perception. Among them, the peculiar ability of insects, which use the polarized skylight field to navigate, has the advantages of complete autonomy, resisting active interference, and no cumulative error over time. It has aroused the attention of researchers to bio-inspired polarized skylight navigation technology. Focusing on the polarization detection mechanism of insects, the polarized skylight distribution patterns in various weather environment are analyzed, bio-inspired polarized skylight navigation sensors are developed, and polarized skylight navigation methods for complex situations are researched, which may provide new research ideas for long-distance, long-period autonomous navigation and combined navigation applications in complex conditions.