Aiming at the problem of compound calibration of inertial instruments, a self?learning switching control method based on a centrifugal?temperature compound device is designed to realize the temperature control with high precision and high uniformity. According to the different structure of the temperature box control system under different working conditions of the centrifuge, a switching control scheme is designed to satisfy the accuracy requirements at both high and low temperature conditions. A self?learning PID control algorithm is designed to solve the temperature fluctuation problem in the control process. The experimental verification is carried out under the rotating state and static state of the centrifuge respectively. The results show that the control system has good performance, and the temperature control accuracy is better than 0.1 ℃ in the temperature range from -55～80 ℃.